Publicación:
Zooplankton volume trends off Peru between 1964 and 2001
Zooplankton volume trends off Peru between 1964 and 2001
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Fecha
2004
Autores
Ayón P.
Purca S.
Guevara-Carrasco R.
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Editor
Oxford University Press
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Abstracto
Zooplankton samples were collected by Hensen net (300 mm) vertical hauls from a depth of
50 m in 57 surveys along the Peruvian coast during winter and summer from 1961 to 2001.
In general, the latitudinal distribution of total zooplankton volumes showed highest values
within 60 nmi (111 km) of the coast. Predominantly during the 1960s, high zooplankton
volumes were found between 4(Se6(S and 14(Se16(S, coinciding with narrow
continental shelf areas. Strong declines of zooplankton volumes were observed in these
regions in the 1990s. In the long term, zooplankton volumes off Peru were higher during
‘‘cold’’ decades, particularly in the 1960s, than during ‘‘warm’’ decades. This research
supports the regime-shift previously observed in the Peruvian coastal upwelling, and is in
agreement with global changes observed in lower and upper trophic levels elsewhere in the
Pacific and North Atlantic basins.
Descripción
We thank several scientists from Instituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE) for historical record information and Sonia Sánchez and Luis O. Duarte for discussions of an earlier version of this paper. Special thanks are extended to “Gordie” Swartzman (University of Washington) for his valuable comments and help in finishing this work during his visit to IMARPE. Monthly in situ SST data were contributed by the “Dirección de Hidrografia y Navegacion (DHN)” of the Peruvian Navy. Participation in the 3rd International Zooplankton Production Symposium, 20–23 May 2003, Gijón, Spain, was made possible with financial aid from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologı́a del Perú (CONCYTEC) and the Eastern Pacific Consortium for Research on Global Change in Coastal and Oceanic Systems (EPCOR). Finally, we recognize the very helpful comments of the two referees.
Palabras clave
Long-term changes,
Peru,
Regime-shift