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Total Fat Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Fine-Aroma Cocoa From Northeastern Peru
Total Fat Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Fine-Aroma Cocoa From Northeastern Peru
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Oliva-Cruz M.
Mori-Culqui P.L.
Caetano A.C.
Goñas M.
Vilca-Valqui N.C.
Chavez S.G.
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Frontiers Media S.A.
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Abstracto
Cocoa beans are the raw material for the chocolate industry. In this study, the total fat contents and fatty acid profiles of fine-aroma cocoa beans of 30 cocoa ecotypes from northeastern Peru were evaluated. Results showed that SJJ-1 and ACJ-11 ecotypes from San Martin and Amazonas regions, respectively, presented highest percentages of total fat with an average of 30.49%. With respect to fatty acid profiles, it was found that cocoa ecotypes are composed of 10 fatty acids (C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C17:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0, and C22:0); based on this profile, 5 clusters were determined. Cluster 5 had the highest content of C17:0 fatty acid (0.47%); however, the clusters 1, 2, 3, and 4 had the lowest content of this fatty acid (0.37%, 0.32%, 0.32%, respectively). The clusters 3 and 4 showed the highest content of C16:0 fatty acid (31.13% y 28.97%, respectively). The clusters 3 and 5 contained the highest content of the acid C18:1 (27.08% y 26.82%, respectively). The PCA found that C18:0 and C20:0 fatty acids are correlated, and are fundamentally opposite to C18:1, C16:0, and C18:3 acids. These results may be useful in identifying raw material for the development of specialty chocolates with better nutritional value than traditional cocoa. © Copyright © 2021 Oliva-Cruz, Mori-Culqui, Caetano, Goñas, Vilca-Valqui and Chavez.
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The authors would like to acknowledge the funding of the Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica (FONDECYT) through the Project with Contract N? 026-2016 Círculo de Investigación para la Innovación y el fortalecimiento de la cadena de valor del cacao nativo fino de aroma en la zona nor oriental del Perú-CINCACAO, and the support and execution of this project by the Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES).
Palabras clave
unsaturated fatty acids,
C16:0,
C18:0,
C18:1,
C18:3,
C20:0,
cocoa butter,
saturated fatty acids