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Detection of Viral and Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens Identified by Molecular Methods in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients and Its Impact on Mortality and Unfavorable Outcomes
Detection of Viral and Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens Identified by Molecular Methods in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients and Its Impact on Mortality and Unfavorable Outcomes
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Soto, Alonso
Quinones-Laveriano, Dante M.
Valdivia, Faviola
Juscamayta-Lopez, Eduardo
Azanero-Haro, Johan
Chambi, Liliana
Horna, Helen
Patino, Gladys
Guzman, Elizabet
De la Cruz-Vargas, Jhony A.
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Dove Medical Press
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Abstracto
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the frequency of viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens detected by molecular methods in sputum samples of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and to evaluate its impact on mortality and unfavorable outcomes (in-hospital death or mechanical ventilation). Patients and Methods: The prospective cohort included patients with diagnosis of COVID-19 hospitalized at Hospital Nacional Hipolito Unanue. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from clinical records. Sputum samples were analyzed with the Biofire Filmarray Pneumonia plus (R) respiratory panel. Crude and adjusted associations with unfavorable outcomes were evaluated using logistic regression models. Results: Ninety-three patients who were able to collect sputum samples were recruited between September 8 and December 28, 2020. The median age was 61.7 years (IQR 52.3-69-8) and 66 (71%) were male. The most frequent symptoms were dyspnea, cough, fever, and general malaise found in 80 (86%), 76 (82%), 45 (48%), and 34 (37%) patients, respectively. Fifty-three percent of patients had comorbidities. Seventy-six (82%) patients received antibiotics prior to admission and 29 (31%) developed unfavorable outcome. Coinfection was evidenced in 38 (40.86%) cases. The most frequently found bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Haemophilus influenzae and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 11 (11.83%), 10 (10.75%), 10 (10.75%), and 8 (8.6%) cases, respectively. Streptococcus pneumoniae was found in one case (1.08%). We neither identify atypical bacteria nor influenza virus. No association was found between the presence of viral or bacterial microorganisms and development of unfavorable outcomes (OR 1.63; 95% CI 0.45-5.82). Conclusion: A high frequency of respiratory pathogens was detected by molecular methods in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia but were not associated with unfavorable outcomes. No atypical agents or influenza virus were found. The high use antibiotics before admission is a concern. Our data suggest that the use of drug therapy against atypical bacteria and viruses would not be justified in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Descripción
The research was funded by FONDECYT through the project Coinfeccion por patogenos respiratorios virales y bacterianos detectados por metodos moleculares en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 y su impacto en la mortalidad y desenlaces desfavorables (Convenio N degrees 044-2020-FONDECYT) and Research Vice-chancellor of Universidad Ricardo Palma.
Palabras clave
SARS-CoV-2,
molecular biology,
mortality,
COVID-19